A discussion is presented on aquaculture extension in Sub-Saharan Africa, with respect to the findings of a regional survey undertaken by FAO in collaboration with the WorldFish Centre. As the predominant research/extensionmethodology in Sub-Saharan Africa, the Training and Visit (T&V) approach must be considered the baseline against which to compare and contrast newer approaches. Some progress has been made in some countries based on a restructuring of the relationship between research, extension and farmers. Various key issues that should be considered when planning aquaculture development are listed.