The WorldFish Center in Lusaka is implementing a regional collaborative programme entitled "Fisheries and HIV&AIDS in Africa; investing in sustainable solutions". The programme is funded by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) and the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Under the Zambia component, the technical focus area "Options for reducing vulnerability along the fish marketing chain" focuses on the Kafue Flats fishery in Zambia. This study aims to identify vulnerability factors affecting fisher folk and fish traders in the Kafue Flats, especially those that make them susceptible and vulnerable to HIV&AIDS. The study will provide the analytical basis for pilot interventions to reduce specific vulnerability factors and enhance livelihoods for fisher folk and fish traders in the Kafue Flats fishery. This report describes the methodologies and approaches used for the study in the Kafue Flats fishery, and how the findings and analyses will be used for the further implementation and learning of the programme.