Fish, as a source of "rich food for poor people", can play an important role in improving Africa's food security and nutritional status. Despite the high dependence on fish as a source of animal protein, Africa has the lowest per capita fish consumption compared to other developing regions. At the same time, however, growth in fish consumption has been outstripping production. Aquaculture development in Africa has lagged far behind that seen in Asia. While developing countries as a whole are net fish exporters, the Africa region is a net fish importer. This paper examines past, present, and future trends of fish in Africa to explore policy implications and potential investment interventions to address the continent's challenges in ensuring sustained fish growth to meet the growing regional demand.