Public-private partnership (PPP) is becoming increasingly important for furthering development goals. But deciding when a PPP is suitable and what PPP arrangement is best is difficult. Many options exist for such partnership arrangements, and the differences among them can be subtle but significant. It is therefore important that researchers for development, managers, advisors and policymakers understand the language and concepts of PPPs. This document aims to improve understanding of PPP for those who would use PPP arrangements to improve fisheries and aquaculture in developing countries.