This book explores how natural resource management initiatives in more than twenty countries and territories have supported livelihoods and facilitated post-conflict peacebuilding. This chapter sketches three principles to reorient the design and implementation of livelihood interventions in post-conflict developing countries: (1) strengthen resilience of rural livelihoods as an essential investment toward reducing the risk of future conflict; (2) promote equitable governance to underpin resilience in rural livelihoods; and (3) reinforce rights of poor rural people and marginalized groups as an inseparable complement to improving governance.