Conflict, persecution and violence affect millions of people worldwide, forcing them to uproot their lives. The attention of the international community is focused on meeting the basic needs of refugee populations, but recently this support has been extended to include the host countries (many of which are Food Deficit Least Developed Countries) in order to strengthen their capacity to provide food, goods and services to refugee populations. The number of programs that generate benefits for both refugees and local communities in terms of food security, livelihoods and local economic opportunities is increasing. The objective of this Policy Brief is to highlight key lessons from these programs with a particular emphasis on Zambia.