This study employed various methodological approaches, including a thorough review of relevant literature on incentive-based approaches to coastal conservation and fisheries management in Zanzibar, key informant interviews (KIIs) with government officials and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) with members of the fisheries executive committee (FEC) in two marine conservation areas (MCAs). These methods allowed the collection of important data on different frameworks supporting incentivebased approaches in coastal conservation and fisheries management in Zanzibar.