The major objective of the study, is to explore the use of ponds as nutrient traps (besides fish production) to increase nutrient use efficiency in integrated farming systems. It focuses on (i) nutrient utilization efficiency of agricultural by-products such as crop residues and animal manure for fish production, and (ii) quantitative aspects of sediment and nutrient accumulation in aquaculture ponds, and pond sediments potential as a fertilizer in land-based agriculture.